Political parties
What each party won, and what it was given. Share of the vote against share of the seats, from the official results.
Elections Canada via open.canada.ca. Two elections, not a trend. Official voting results are published there for three general elections only, and the earliest of the three is hosted on a server that disallows automated collection — so this page covers the 43th and 44th, and nothing before them. Party platforms and promises are not published as data anywhere, so this page does not score them.
The eight parties with the most votes in 2021. Bars are vote share; the figure beside each names the seats that share actually bought.
The gap column is seat share minus vote share, in percentage points. A positive number means the party holds a larger share of the House than of the vote. It is arithmetic about the electoral system, not a judgement of the party.
| Party | Candidates | Votes | Vote share | Seats | Seat share | Gap | Votes vs 43th | Seats vs 43th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative | 337 | 5,747,410 | 33.74% | 119 | 35.21% | +1.5 | -491,817 | -2 |
| Liberal | 338 | 5,556,629 | 32.62% | 160 | 47.34% | +14.7 | -462,099 | +3 |
| NDP-New Democratic Party | 338 | 3,036,348 | 17.82% | 25 | 7.40% | -10.4 | +132,626 | +1 |
| Bloc Québécois | 78 | 1,301,615 | 7.64% | 32 | 9.47% | +1.8 | -85,415 | +0 |
| People's Party | 312 | 840,993 | 4.94% | 0 | 0.00% | -4.9 | +546,901 | +0 |
| Green Party | 252 | 396,988 | 2.33% | 2 | 0.59% | -1.7 | -792,619 | -1 |
| Free Party Canada | 59 | 47,252 | 0.28% | 0 | 0.00% | -0.3 | — | — |
| Maverick Party | 29 | 35,178 | 0.21% | 0 | 0.00% | -0.2 | — | — |
| Independent | 87 | 25,605 | 0.15% | 0 | 0.00% | -0.1 | -46,941 | -1 |
| Christian Heritage Party | 25 | 8,985 | 0.05% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | -9,916 | +0 |
| No Affiliation | 4 | 6,876 | 0.04% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | +5,131 | +0 |
| Parti Rhinocéros Party | 27 | 6,085 | 0.04% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | -3,453 | +0 |
| Libertarian | 13 | 4,765 | 0.03% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | -3,602 | +0 |
| Communist | 26 | 4,700 | 0.03% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | +795 | +0 |
| Marxist-Leninist | 36 | 4,532 | 0.03% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | +408 | +0 |
| Pour l'Indépendance du Québec | 10 | 2,934 | 0.02% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | -881 | +0 |
| Animal Protection Party | 10 | 2,546 | 0.01% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | -1,862 | +0 |
| Marijuana Party | 9 | 2,031 | 0.01% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | — | — |
| VCP | 7 | 1,246 | 0.01% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | -5,054 | +0 |
| Centrist | 4 | 648 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | — | — |
| National Citizens Alliance | 4 | 476 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | -34 | +0 |
| Parti Patriote | 2 | 244 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | — | — |
| CFF - Canada's Fourth Front | 2 | 105 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 0.0 | -577 | +0 |
An em dash in a change column means the party fielded no candidates in the earlier election under any name we can match — not that it received zero votes. This table also excludes 1 candidate (52 votes) whose party could not be read from the source: a party running a single candidate gives the parser no second name to find the boundary between person and party, so the whole entry is kept as the name rather than guessed at. They are counted in the totals above, which is why the two differ.
A different measurement, shown separately on purpose. This is the current membership of the House of Commons, not the result of any election above — it reflects a later election whose official results are not yet published as open data, plus any floor crossings and by-elections since. It uses its own party labels and its own seat count (1238 seats, against 338 contested in the 44th), which is why the two are never added together or joined.
| Party | Seats |
|---|---|
| Liberal | 522 |
| Conservative | 356 |
| NDP | 147 |
| Bloc | 129 |
| Independent | 38 |
| Canadian Alliance | 14 |
| Progressive Conservative | 13 |
| Reform | 12 |
| Green | 5 |
| Forces et Démocratie | 2 |
House of Commons members’ expenses (salaries of their staff, travel, hospitality and contracts), charged to the party the MP sat for in that quarter — not the party they sit for today. A cost incurred after an MP left office (office wind-down) is charged to the party they last sat for, and retired MPs are included. Complete calendar years only. Totals follow seat counts, so the last column gives the cost per MP in 2025, and “Retired” is the share of each party’s total incurred by MPs no longer sitting.
| Party | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | Total | Retired | Per MP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | $77.0M | $79.9M | $74.2M | $63.1M | $60.0M | $71.2M | $78.9M | $83.9M | $81.8M | $670.0M | 50% | $364K |
| Conservative | $43.5M | $44.1M | $42.3M | $52.2M | $48.2M | $57.1M | $61.4M | $66.7M | $68.4M | $484.1M | 29% | $409K |
| NDP | $19.7M | $19.9M | $17.3M | $10.7M | $10.2M | $12.7M | $14.6M | $15.2M | $8.2M | $128.5M | 82% | $330K |
| Bloc | $4.4M | $3.3M | $5.2M | $13.7M | $13.9M | $15.5M | $17.1M | $18.6M | $14.1M | $105.8M | 38% | $403K |
| Independent | $621K | $1.4M | $3.0M | $531K | $1.2M | $613K | $1.4M | $1.6M | $754K | $11.1M | 100% | $189K |
| Green | $427K | $470K | $662K | $1.3M | $1.0M | $1.0M | $1.1M | $1.1M | $896K | $8.1M | 44% | $448K |
| Québec debout | — | $1.1M | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $1.1M | 35% | — |
| Unattributed | $2K | $52K | $90K | — | $373K | $126K | $91K | $21K | — | $754K | 7% | — |
“Unattributed” is an expense we could not tie to any party stint — it is shown as its own row, never folded into a party. Source: House of Commons proactive disclosure (2014 onward, quarterly) and openparliament.ca membership records.
An MP who changed party with no break between the two stints (31 days or fewer). A return to Parliament years later under another banner is not counted here.
| From → to | MPs |
|---|---|
| Liberal → Independent | 17 |
| Conservative → Independent | 10 |
| Bloc → Québec debout | 7 |
| Conservative → Liberal | 7 |
| NDP → Independent | 7 |
| Québec debout → Bloc | 7 |
| Bloc → Independent | 6 |
| Liberal → Conservative | 3 |
| NDP → Liberal | 3 |
| Progressive Conservative → Liberal | 3 |
| Independent → Conservative | 2 |
| Independent → Green | 2 |
From the House’s annual reports. Fiscal years run April–March (FY2010 = April 2009 to March 2010), so they are kept apart from the calendar-year table above. A member’s whole year is charged to the party at mid-year, or to their first stint that year if they joined later (81 member-years changed party mid-year). FY2002–FY2009 are totals only: the older reports give no reliable category split.
| Party | FY2010 | FY2011 | FY2012 | FY2013 | FY2014 | FY2015 | Total | Retired |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative | $68.4M | $63.3M | $65.2M | $66.4M | $62.7M | $64.0M | $390.0M | 86% |
| NDP | $18.3M | $16.8M | $36.3M | $40.1M | $38.6M | $37.4M | $187.5M | 98% |
| Liberal | $34.8M | $32.8M | $15.7M | $14.2M | $13.3M | $13.8M | $124.6M | 85% |
| Bloc | $20.0M | $18.7M | $3.1M | $1.5M | $1.4M | $622K | $45.3M | 93% |
| Independent | $335K | $830K | $65K | $869K | $1.5M | $2.4M | $6.0M | 100% |
| Green | — | — | $341K | $407K | $409K | $812K | $2.0M | 21% |
| All members | $141.8M | $132.4M | $120.7M | $123.5M | $117.8M | $119.0M | $755.3M |
| Party | FY2002 | FY2003 | FY2004 | FY2005 | FY2006 | FY2007 | FY2008 | FY2009 | Total | Retired |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | $50.3M | $53.4M | $55.5M | $48.4M | $46.2M | $40.1M | $39.1M | $36.1M | $369.1M | 96% |
| Conservative | — | — | — | $11.3M | $39.7M | $50.8M | $53.7M | $60.7M | $216.2M | 90% |
| Bloc | $11.1M | $10.1M | $11.2M | $16.6M | $18.8M | $18.3M | $18.5M | $18.9M | $123.5M | 97% |
| Canadian Alliance | $22.5M | $23.5M | $24.5M | $20.0M | — | — | — | — | $90.5M | 97% |
| NDP | $4.5M | $5.1M | $5.3M | $6.5M | $8.5M | $13.5M | $13.9M | $15.2M | $72.5M | 100% |
| Progressive Conservative | $4.0M | $4.5M | $4.9M | $3.1M | — | — | — | — | $16.4M | 100% |
| Independent | — | $268K | $269K | $395K | $925K | $261K | $635K | $863K | $3.6M | 100% |
| Reform | — | — | — | $365K | — | — | — | — | $365K | 100% |
| Green | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $352K | $352K | 100% |
| All members | $92.3M | $96.9M | $101.7M | $106.7M | $114.2M | $122.9M | $125.8M | $132.0M | $892.6M |
How parties are matched across elections. Elections Canada records the name that appeared on the ballot, and a ballot name can change. “People's Party” and “People's Party - PPC” are counted together as People's Party; “ML” and “Marxist-Leninist” are counted together as Marxist-Leninist. Without that, this page would report that the People's Party did not contest the earlier election, when in fact it ran a near-full slate and its vote nearly tripled between the two. Every other name is left exactly as the source recorded it: where a rename is plausible but not demonstrable from the data, no merge is made, because inventing continuity is worse than showing two rows a reader can compare.